Space Debris: Space debris has emerged as the biggest problem in recent times. Which is increasing rapidly but efforts to reduce it are negligible. This also poses a threat to the earth.
Space Debris – a symbolic picture
Space Debris Explanation: Competition continues between the powerful countries of the world in space as well as on Earth, which is commonly called ‘Space Race’. In simple language we can say that these countries are competing to establish their dominance in space. Due to this competition, a lot of garbage (or debris) has been created in the lower orbit of the Earth, which keeps moving around there. Of course, efforts are made to clean the waste (Space Debris), but efforts are not made for this. Rather, blaming each other for spreading garbage, all countries do less on their own to spread garbage.
So let’s first know what is space waste? We can call every human thing as garbage, which is present in space but is of no use (Space Debris Accidents). Man-made satellites are sent to Earth’s orbit, which sometimes get destroyed there and keep spinning in the form of small pieces. This is called space waste. The US space agency NASA estimates that this garbage is moving rapidly, due to which there is a danger of colliding with the destruction of those satellites, which are sent from Earth.
What does space waste consist of?
This waste includes the remains of dead spacecraft, rockets, satellite launch vehicles, astronaut gloves, nutbolts, tools to tighten them and sheets separated from the satellite (Space Debris Meaning in Hindi). This is the waste associated with the mission, which is left behind after the original work. NASA estimates that about one debris per day either falls on Earth or burns up as soon as it enters the atmosphere. Since about 70 percent of the earth is water, most of the garbage also falls in these areas. Just as a mountain of garbage becomes on Earth, the same situation remains in space at this time.
Scientists say that no damage has been reported due to falling garbage. Because this waste gets destroyed by burning as soon as it enters the earth’s atmosphere. But if a large piece is not completely destroyed and enters our atmosphere, then it can cause devastating effects. In May this year, the debris of a Chinese rocket fell in the Indian Ocean. The debris of China’s largest rocket Long March 5b also started burning as soon as it entered the atmosphere. But its remains still fell into the water.
When the 75-ton Space Center Skylab Dropped
A few years ago, the Chinese space station Thiangong was also destroyed by falling into the sea. First it entered the Earth’s atmosphere and became a ball of fire and then fell into the Pacific Ocean (Space Debris Entering Earth’s Atmosphere). In 1979, NASA’s Space Center Skylab was destroyed by falling into the sea. It was 75 tons. This garbage keeps on moving in the orbit of the earth, neither it comes down nor up. Apart from the satellite, this garbage is not less than a threat to the other spacecraft and space station present there.
The way the activities of countries around the world are increasing in space for more than the last six decades, there is only the possibility of increasing the waste, not reducing it. A study was conducted in the year 2013 regarding waste. In which it was found that the number of waste from one to ten centimeters present in space is more than 6,70,000. If there is any garbage in space, then it will create danger (Space Debris and Climate Change). The incidents of damage from waste are replete with history. Once only two satellites collided with each other.
How can this lot of garbage be cleaned?
America, of course, gives knowledge to the world about space waste, but if we assess, then it has also spread a lot of garbage. Russia (CIS) is at the forefront of the countries that spread waste in space, followed by America, China, France and Japan (Space Debris Conclusion). Talking about cleaning the garbage, one solution for this is related to deorbiting the satellite. Meaning the satellites that are sent into space have enough fuel to deorbit them, that is, to bring them down and put them in the graveyard orbit. This can reduce the damage.
All countries track this space waste in their own way. Sriharikota in India has multi object tracking radars. Due to which the tracking of space waste is done (Space Debris Around Earth). At the same time, America also has many such radars. Many experiments have also been done to collect this waste. Under which experiments like bringing it to earth and burning it have been done. But how effective they are, how much they will cost and how much work has been done so far, no such information has been shared publicly.
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